Modeling Brine Density vs Concentration Regression Lines with Phreeqc and Aquifer App - Tutorial

Complex geochemical simulations are entirely possible to be performed with Phreeqc coupled with Aquifer App and Python. Brines can be simulated at different concentrations to obtain relations that are input of other variable density flow models. In this case we have model one brine, sodium bicarbonate, with the REACTION keyword with moles values that range from 0.5 to 12 moles. Values of mass, volume, concentration, and density were processed in Python from the dataframes generated from Aquifer App.

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Simulation of water evaporation with Phreeqc and Aquifer App - Tutorial

We define evaporation as the process of removing water from the chemical system in Phreeqc and this can be achieved with the REACTION keyword and a negative reaction coefficient. We have developed an applied case of water evaporation from precipitation water and the mix of the resulting water to restore the original volume. The whole Phreeqc setup, simulation and result analysis process has been in Aquifer App.

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Simple example of ion exchange modeling with Phreeqc and Aquifer App - Tutorial

An example that demonstrates the Phreeqc and Aquifer App capabilities to model ion exchange. This example uses the cation ion exchange approach where only the EXCHANGE keyword is used because EXCHANGE_MASTER_SPECIES and EXCHANGE_SPECIES are included in phreeqc.dat database. The model output is parsed as charts and tables and the solution composition and description are calculated and compared before and after the exchange.

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Simple example of kinetic dissolution of calcite with Phreeqc and Aquifer Lab - Tutorial

This is an example of calcite dissolution with kinetics where a simplified rate and initial molality are defined. The tutorial covers creation of an input file for Phreeqc, database selection, Phreeqc simulation in Aquifer App and analysis of processed output data on a Jupyter notebook. Finally the molality of Calcium and pH are plotted with time.

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Simple example of irreversible reactions in Phreeqc and Aquifer App - Tutorial

This is a tutorial of geochemical modeling in Phreeqc and Aquifer App that uses the REACTION keyword for the simulation of irreversible reactions that transfer a certain amount of elements to or from the solution. The selected example deals with the reaction of rainwater with NaCl and Calcite over 4 steps. Phreeqc simulation and model output analysis are performed on the Aquifer App that has great tools for the model setup and the analysis through interactive menus, tables and charts.

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Simple example of mineral equilibrium in water with Phreeqc and Aquifer App - Tutorial

This tutorial cover all the steps to build and run a geochemical model of a water sample in equilibrium with Fluorite and Gypsum. The tutorial explains the parameters to setup a mineral together with and analysis of the element concentrations, the amount of dissolved phases and the final saturation indices.

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Lithium speciation calculation on salt lake brines with Phreeqc and Python - Tutorial

Lithium interaction with the aqueous phase on brines phase is not well understood or at least not well covered by the scientific publications. To evaluate brine composition, brine dynamics and the interaction of the different components is really a challenge with the available tools for geochemical modeling as Phreeqc since it doesn’t appear in all the databases and in most it is only associated with sulfates.

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VOCs and PFAs Interactive Spatiotemporal Representation with Python and Folium - Tutorial

Analysis of groundwater chemistry is a difficult task for the limited set of monitoring samples, the limited samples and the limited analized components. In order to assess the actual extension of a contamination plume or the efficiency of remediation techniques we need new and innovative methods to plot and analyze water chemistry data with open source data. We have done an applied case of interactive VOCs and PFAs representation on a Jupyter notebook with Python, Folium and Ipywidgets. The dataset has more than 3300 samples of 127 points over a period of 30 years and corresponds to a contaminated site of a former airfield.

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Gypsum and Anhydrite solubility calculation with Phreeqc and Python - Tutorial

Tutorial for the calculation of the solubility and thermodynamic stability of gypsum and anhydrite. The example simulates the dissolution of two minerals in a beaker at equilibrium, and the beaker is heated step-wise from 25ºC to 75ºC. Concentrations and saturation indices for the initial solution and the batch reaction are shown as Pandas dataframes and plotted as bar diagrams on a Jupyter Notebook. Finally a plot of the saturation index for anhydrite and gypsum with temperature is generated from an iteration over the batch reaction steps.

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Seawater speciation modeling with Phreeqc coupled with Python and Pandas - Tutorial

The speciation modeling allows to calculate the distribution of aqueous species in a solution. Phreeqc is capable to simulate this speciation calculation and we are going to demonstrate this capability on a study case of aqueous species in seawater.

We have done a tutorial for the speciation modeling of seawater with Phreeqc that runs under Python in a Jupyter Lab enviroment. The code can run the Phreeqc executable, define the databases and stablish the output files. Results from simulation are available as Pandas dataframes and plots are made for the main components and the distribution of saturation indices.

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How to plot the azimuth and dip from a inclined bedding in QGIS 3 - Tutorial

QGIS has a wide range of options for the representation of vector data (point, line and polygon) but specific workflows have to be established to apply QGIS in different fields such as Geology. We found that there were few resources about how to plot geological features as bedding planes, faults, synclines and other and we have decided to do a series of tutorials showing those procedures on applied examples.

This time, we have developed a tutorial with the complete procedure to plot the azimuth and dip of bedding planes with QGIS. The tutorial imports a SVG marker that rotates according to a field value while the dip is presented as a label.

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Modeling of Mine Tailings Dam Failure with OpenFOAM - Tamboraque Site - Videos

Tailings dams are supposed to last forever but they fail regularly due to a series of factors related to the construction and maintenance of the mine site. Accoring the cronology of mayor tailings dam failures of WISE Uranium Proyect there has been one mayor failure in 2017, two on 2016 and the last one in South America was on 2015 in Minas Gerias - Brasil. 

This article show the numerical modeling of a tailings dam failure relate to the Tamboraque site in Peru andes. The model represents the dynamic transport of tailings material as a non-newtonian fluid. Model was developed using high-end open source software as OpenFOAM, Salome Platform and QGIS.

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Evaporation and Homogeneous Redox Reactions Simulation with Phreeqc

Evaporation is accomplished by removing water from the chemical system. Water can be removed as an irreversible reactant with a negative reaction coefficient in the REACTION keyword input. This example uses this method; the REACTION data block is used to simulate concentration of rain water by approximately 20 fold by removing 95 percent of the water. The resulting solution contains only about 0.05 kg of water. In a subsequent simulation, the MIX keyword is used to generate a solution that has the same concentrations as the evaporated solution, but has a total of mass of water of approximately 1 kg.

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Geochemical Simulation Tutorial of Water Mixing with Phreeqc

This example demonstrates the capabilities of PHREEQC to perform a series of geochemical simulations, with the final simulations relying on results from previous simulations within the same run. The example investigates diagenetic reactions that may occur in zones where seawater mixes with carbonate ground water. This example is take from the Phreeqc documentation that can be found here:

https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_coupled/phreeqc/html/final-72.html

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Solubility and Thermodynamic Stability of Gypsum and Anhydrite with Water with Phreeqc

PHREEQC version 3 is a computer program written in the C and C++ programming languages that is designed to perform a wide variety of aqueous geochemical calculations. PHREEQC implements several types of aqueous models: two ion-association aqueous models (the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory model and WATEQ4F), a Pitzer specific-ion-interaction aqueous model, and the SIT (Specific ion Interaction Theory) aqueous model. Using any of these aqueous models, PHREEQC has capabilities for (1) speciation and saturation-index calculations; (2) batch-reaction and one-dimensional (1D) transport calculations with reversible and irreversible reactions.

This tutorial shows how to calculate the solubility and relative thermodynamic stability of two minerals, gypsum and anhydrit as a function of temperature at 1 atm.

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Aqueous species in water speciation calculation with Phreeqc tutorial

This example calculates the distribution of aqueous species in seawater and the saturation state of seawater relative to a set of minerals. To demonstrate how to expand the model to new elements, uranium is added to the aqueous model defined by phreeqc.dat.

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Geostatistics on water resources investigation

Before talking about the different researches that have had as main focus water resources, I think it is necessary to explain first what geostatistics is.

Geostatistics is a type of statistics that is used to analyze and interpret geographically referenced data. It is not restricted to work only with point data, it also works with GIS layers to explore spatial variation, improve generation of digital elevation models (DEM) and their respective simulations, optimize spatial sampling, etc. [1]

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Tutorial to plot water chemistry data on QGIS

Quick tutorial to plot concentrations, generate contours and make ilustrations.

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Tutorial to configure a Watershed on HEC-ResSim 3.1

Quick tutorial for the configuration of a watershed on HEC-ResSim.

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