Python can communicate with other softwares through standards in Windows (COMs) and thus provides a higher level of interoperability for river flow models made in HEC-RAS. The amount of tools provided by HEC-RAS through the COM is huge; in this tutorial we will cover some examples of HEC-RAS model interaction for two applied cases from Python scripts in Jupyter Lab.
Read MoreSimulation of direct precipitation events over a surface is important to assess the impacted areas and manage disaster situations. Response to precipitation is evaluated over cells in a 2D model and runoff is routed to the stream networks. Landlab is a Python library for a variety of surface processes and can model shallow water flow over topography with a variety of algorithms. We have developed an applied case of direct rainfall for flood modeling over a geospatial raster where an initial water height is applied and then flows over the surface. Resulting water heights are exported as geospatial rasters.
Read MoreWatershed delineation and stream network determination are common tasks on the hydrological analysis for any area of interest. There is a parameter on the stream network determination that allows us to have simple stream networks that resemble the main water courses or dense stream networks that map all the permanent / temporary streams. This is an applied example of stream network determination on our online platform Hatari Utils where you can specify the number of upstream cells and interactively review the result.
Read MoreWater resurces management requires not only some direct values as precipitation amounts but also more elaborated data as days without rain. Based on the CHIRPS dataset for year 2022 stored on NetCDF format we have elaborated a map of days without rain for a given country and exported the results as a fully geospatial raster. There is a particular discussion about the data type and the data value to calculate and store value just for the selected location.
Read MoreDelineation of watershed and river network is one of the most common tasks in modern hydrology but it might comprise a group of steps on a desktop software that take several minutes to perform. We wanted to recreate the process in an mostly automated workflow in an online platform that substantially reduces the amount of time involved in the process.
We came up with a solution on Hatari Utils (utils.hatarilabs.com) that allows us to delineate a basin of 530 km2 in just 52 seconds. Results from the platform also include the river network and the main river and are available as geospatial ESRI shapefiles.
Read MoreSometimes we want to reproduce or want to get something similar to a desktop GIS environment on a Jupyter notebook with options to show/hide layers and select background maps, but there was a missing part on our effort and it was the raster representation.
We have developed an applied case of single band raster representation on a Jupyter notebook with Rasterio and Folium. The raster has to be in WGS84 and the script can be coupled with more Folium features for the representation of vector data, background maps, menus and popups.
Read MoreBased on the several components of Landlab together with other Python packages some procedures can be established to extract single or multiple stream networks from a digital elevation model (DEM) raster and export them as vector spatial data formats as ESRI shapefiles or plot them in Jupyter Lab.
Read MorePython is a programming language capable of performing calculations for hydrological studies and water resources evaluations. We have done a tutorial for the volume-elevation curve determination of the lake Patillas in Puerto Rico with Python and numerical / spatial libraries as Numpy and Rasterio. Finally, results were compared to the volume-elevation curve form a USGS survey. The procedure was done this time for a lake, but can be easily applied to any reservoir or water body when the bottom elevation is available as a raster file.
Read MoreHEC HMS is a software developed by the US Corps of Engineers that implements a series of hydrological methods to represent different physical process of the water cycle. The tools and options of HEC HMS make it a very versatile and powerful software for the hydrological simulation of different escenarios as extreme events on arid regions, or water balances in wet climates.
This tutorial shows the complete procedure to set up and simulate the hydraulic response of a 8 hour storms over a 20 hour period, model results are intended to show maximum flows and flow development with time. The area of study is a andean basin that was divided on two sub-basins (high and low part), each one has their own storm precipitation data. The model consider the use of hydrological components as subbasin, reaches and sinks.
Read MoreSWAT is an open source model that can be used with GIS data to simulate hydrological processes in basins. The SWAT complement is a tool to evaluate soil and water and basin management. The QGIS interface is called QSWAT. The latest version is QSWAT 1.4 which was released on Feb. 2, 2017.
Read MoreModel optimization involves adjusting parameter values so that the simulated results match stream flows as closely as posible. The software have two different search algorithms for the optimization as well as a variety of objective functions to measure the goodness of fit between simulated and observed stream flow.
Optimization trials are quite simple to set up and compute. This tutorial show the complete procedure to run a optimization for a hydrological model on a andean basin.
Read MoreThis tutorial is about the hydrological modeling at basin scale using different hydrological process as:
The tutorial uses the Soil Moisture Accounting method and compares the results with observed flow measurement on the basin.
Read MoreA monitoring network is a system where the level and quality records that the groundwater describes are generated, become available and are evaluated. These records are consistent, representative and long lasting.
Read MoreThe world water legislation has a common challenge: distribute fresh water resources in a fair, efficient and sustainable way. Traditionally, agriculture, industry, mining and municipalities have competed for these limited resources.
Read MoreMathematical models of global climate can reproduce many aspects of the physical climate system. General Circulation Models (GCMs) simulate physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and on land surface. Predictive scenarios on climate change will be applied to selected GCM models and their output will be used on the PRMS hydrologic simulations.
Read MoreWater balance is known as the balance of water entering the system and the water that leaves within a specified time, but to understand it better we need to understand: what is a watershed? Unterstood as a whole, a unity, as a system, as the space bounded by the union of all the headers that form the main river through the territory drained by a single natural drainage system.
Read MoreA watershed can be defined as “the topographic area within which apparent surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a waterbody such as a lake” (Shimon, 2010), this way a watershed works as a large water collector converting water inputs into runoff and water storage (Chavarri, 2012). Knowing watershed´s hydrological characteristics (precipitation, runoff, evapotranspiration, and groundwater infiltration) allows to evaluate spatial and temporal water resources availability, it is useful for water resources allocation and flow control. Water balance is a tool that allows knowing basin characteristics by application of the mass conservation principle or continuity equation (Rose, 2004; Essam, 2007), according to rhis principle, any difference between inputs and outputs must be reflected in a change in the storage of water within the budget area (UNESCO, 1988; Shimon, 2010).
Read MoreSimple tutorial about cross seccions with the Profile Tool plugin on QGIS.
Read MoreThis project is part of NASA/EOS project to estimate global terrestrial evapotranspiration from earth land surface by using satellite remote sensing data. MOD16 global evapotranspiration product can be used to calculate regional water and energy balance, soil water status; hence, it provides key information for water resource management.
Read MoreSurface water and groundwater surrounding a mining operation can be significantly affected by contaminated seepage from the Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) in waste-dumps and tailing deposits. An evaluation for prevention and mitigation of environmental impacts generated by the DAR is necessary to minimize impact to the environment.
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